So with all these different calibers I have a question. Is a rifle chambered in the .264 win mag. able to shoot any other cartridges?

AFAIK, the 264WM is the longest 6.5mm cartridge, and is the only belted 6.5. So I'd go with no.

Nope.

Thank you guys.

If you rebarrel the rifle, then you should be able to do so in any of the cartridges that have the same face as the .264 Win Mag.

I suggest you look at the ones that use the same shellholder for example. So, at Redding, the 264 WM uses the #6 shellholder. That is also used by:
.223 WSSM
.243 WSSM
6MM/300WSM
15WSSM
25/300WSM
25/300 SAUM
25/300 Rem UM
257 WTY Mag
257 STW
26 Nosler
6.5 Rem Mag
6.5/243 WSSM
6.5 STW
6.5/300WSM
6.5/300 SAUM
6.5/300WTY Mag
6.5/300 REM UM
270 WTY Mag
270 WSM
270/300 WTY
270/300 Rem UM
270/338 Win
28 Nosler
284 Baer
7mm Rem Mag
7mm ULA
7mm/300WSM
7mm Rem SAUM
7mm WSM
7mm WTG Mag
7mm Rem UM
7mm STW
7mm/300 WTY Mag
7mm/300 Winchester
7mm/300 Rem UM
7mm//350 Rem Mag
30 Hart Mag
30/338 Winchester Mag
30 Nosler
30/8MM Rem Mag
30/350 Rem Mag
30-378 WTY Mag
300 H&H Mag
300 Win Mag
300 WTY Mag
300 Mashburn Mag
300 Rem SAUM
300 Remington UM
300 RCM
300WSM
308 Norma Mag
325WSM
8mm Rem Mag
338 RCM
338 WTY Mag
338 Rem UM
350 Rem Mag
358 STA
All the 375 H&H and derivations
416 Rem Mag
416 Ruger
416 WTY Mag
416 Rigby.

There's a whole lot more.